{"id":6031,"date":"2015-09-24T03:13:57","date_gmt":"2015-09-24T03:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/?p=6031"},"modified":"2022-05-03T03:55:14","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T03:55:14","slug":"all-about-the-word-jiu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/all-about-the-word-jiu.html","title":{"rendered":"All about The Word \u5c31(ji\u00f9)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The Mandarin particle \u5c31(ji\u00f9) is a very common word in Chinese with a ton of different uses. Depending on the context, it can be a verb, adverb, preposition, or even other parts of speech, and is one of the central word particles in Chinese. It\u2019s extremely important that we master it!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we will take a look at all the meanings and grammatical functions of the word particle \u5c31(ji\u00f9). (You can check the detailed comparisons video between \u5c31 and \u624d <a href=index-651.html>here<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"verb\">VERB<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>As a verb, \u5c31(ji\u00f9) has the following meanings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Come near, move towards&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5c31\u8fd1(ji\u00f9j\u00ecn) &#8211; next to<\/li><li>\u907f\u7e41\u5c31\u7b80(b\u00ec f\u00e1n ji\u00f9 ji\u01cen) &#8211; take the simple, less complicated way <em>(idiom)<\/em><\/li><li>\u5c31\u7740\u8def\u706f\u4e0b\u68cb(ji\u00f9zhel\u00f9d\u0113ngxi\u00e0q\u00ed) &#8211; play chess next to the reading lamp<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Accomplish, create\/make<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u5c31 (y\u012b c\u00f9 \u00e9r ji\u00f9) &#8211; accomplish in one step <em>(idiom)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Accommodate yourself to, suit, fit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5c31\u4fbf (ji\u00f9bi\u00e0n ) \u2013 to do something at someone\u2019s convenience<\/li><li>\u5c31\u624b\uff08ji\u00f9sh\u01d2u) \u2013 \u201cwhile you are at it,\u201d please do this simultaneously<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>e.g<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"custom_example_style\"><em>\u4f60\u5c31\u624b\u628a\u6211\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u5427(n\u01d0 ji\u00f9sh\u01d2u b\u01ce w\u01d2 de x\u00ecnji\u00e0n y\u011b d\u00e0il\u00e1i ba )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><br><em>please get my mail as well when you are at it\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Go with, eat with <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u82b1\u751f\u4ec1\u5c31\u9152 (hu\u0101 sh\u0113ng r\u00e9n ji\u00f9 ji\u01d4) &#8211; peanuts go with liquor<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"adverb\">ADVERB<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>The adverb \u5c31(ji\u00f9) is used before a verb to suggest the earliness, briefness, or quickness of the action. <strong>This can literally translate to words like: \u201cat once, right away, as early as, long since, or already.\u201d<\/strong> Here are some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6211\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u6765 (W\u01d2 m\u01cesh\u00e0ng ji\u00f9 l\u00e1i) &#8211; I&#8217;m coming immediately (I&#8217;ll be right there).<\/li><li>\u4ed6\u5c31\u6765 (t\u0101ji\u00f9l\u00e1i ) &#8211; He will come right away.<\/li><li>\u4ed6\u5c31\u5feb\u5230\u4e86 (T\u0101 ji\u00f9 ku\u00e0i d\u00e0o le) &#8211; He will soon be here.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The example above also shows \u5c31 (ji\u00f9) as an optional \u201cintensifier.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4ed6\u660e\u5929\u4e03\u70b9\u5c31\u5f97\u4e0a\u8bfe (T\u0101 m\u00edngti\u0101n q\u012b di\u01cen ji\u00f9 d\u011bi sh\u00e0ng k\u00e8.) &#8211; He has to go to class (as early as) at 7:00am tomorrow.<em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,<\/em><\/li><li>\u4ed6\u65e9\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u56db\u4e8c\u5e74\u5c31\u6210\u7535\u5f71\u540d\u661f\u4e86 (t\u0101 z\u01ceoz\u00e0i y\u012bji\u01d4s\u00ec\u00e8r ni\u00e1n ji\u00f9 ch\u00e9ng di\u00e0ny\u01d0ng m\u00edngx\u012bng le) &#8211; He had become a film star as early as 1942.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5c31 vs. \u624d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As you now know, the adverb \u5c31 (ji\u00f9) suggests the earliness or promptness of an action. The adverb \u624d (c\u00e1i), though, is the opposite: it suggests tardiness or lateness of an action. It is important to note that both of these verbs are a little subjective, and refer to earliness or tardiness as perceived by the speaker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6211\u6628\u5929\u4e94\u70b9\u5c31\u56de\u5bb6\u4e86(W\u01d2 zu\u00f3ti\u0101n w\u01d4 di\u01cen ji\u00f9 hu\u00ed ji\u0101 Le.) &#8211; Yesterday I went home at only 5:00! <em>(The speaker thought 5:00 was early.).\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: When commenting on a past action, \u5c31 (ji\u00f9) is always used with \u4e86 (Le) to indicate promptness, but \u624d (c\u00e1i) is never used with \u4e86.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c31 ji\u00f9 can also be used to link two verb phrases, signaling a sequential relationship between them which means \u2018as soon as\u2019, or \u2018right after.\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u8bf4\u5e72\u5c31\u5e72 (shu\u014d g\u00e0n ji\u00f9 g\u00e0n ) &#8211; act at once<\/li><li>\u5979\u4e00\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5c31\u7ed3\u5a5a\u4e86 (t\u0101 y\u00edb\u00ec y\u00e8 ji\u00f9 ji\u00e9 h\u016bn le) &#8211; She got married as soon as she graduated.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c31 ji\u00f9 can also connect two phrases to mean: \u2018in that case,\u2019 or \u2018then.\u2019<\/strong> Furthermore, under certain conditions it can express what would happen naturally as a result of something else. It can finally connect two phrases to express tolerance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u53ea\u8981\u865a\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65 (zh\u01d0 y\u00e0o n\u01d0 x\u016b x\u012bn \uff0cji\u00f9 hu\u00ec j\u00ecn b\u00f9 ) &#8211; Provided you are modest, you will surely make progress.<\/li><li>\u4e22\u4e86\u5c31\u4e22\u4e86\u5427\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5c0f\u5fc3\u70b9 (di\u016b le ji\u00f9 di\u016b le ba\uff0cy\u01d0h\u00f2u xi\u01ceox\u012bn di\u01cen) &#8211; If it is lost, then it is lost. Just be more careful from now on. <em>(tolerance)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c31 ji\u00f9 also express \u2018originally it was so\u2019 or \u2018it is so for long ago\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6211\u5c31\u77e5\u9053 (w\u01d2 ji\u00f9 zh\u012bdao) &#8211; I knew it.<\/li><li>\u6211\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u61c2\u6cd5\u8bed\uff08w\u01d2 b\u011bnl\u00e1i ji\u00f9 b\u00f9d\u01d2ng f\u01cey\u01d4\uff09- Of course I don&#8217;t know French<em>.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>One use of ji\u00f9 is to express determination of one\u2019s mind and intentions. <\/strong>.In some sentences, this meaning is best translated by the English words: only, merely, just.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5b66\u4e0d\u4f1a (w\u01d2 ji\u00f9 b\u00fax\u00ecn xu\u00e9b\u00fahu\u00ec) &#8211; I simply do not believe I cannot learn it well.<\/li><li>\u6211\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a (w\u01d2 y\u00e0o de ji\u00f9sh\u00ec zh\u00e8y\u00edg\u00e8) &#8211; This is exactly the one I want.<\/li><li>\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898 (w\u01d2ji\u00f9 xi\u01ceng w\u00e8n y\u00edg\u00e8 w\u00e8nt\u00ed) &#8211; I only have one question.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Finally, \u5c31 ji\u00f9 can convey precise identification of a noun phrase<\/strong>. If the noun phrase is a person or place, there may be no English equivalent for \u5c31(ji\u00f9). Take a look at the following example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"custom_example_style\">\u738b\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u4f60\u627e\u8c01\uff1f (w\u00e1n\u0261: n\u01d0 zh\u01ceo sh\u00e9i?)<br>Wang \uff1aWho are you looking for?<br><br>\u6797 \uff1a \u6211\u627e\u738b\u7f8e\u73b2\u3002(l\u00edn: w\u01d2 zh\u01ceo w\u00e1n\u0261 m\u011bi l\u00edn\u0261\u3002)<br>l\u00edn \uff1a I am looking for Wang Meiling.<br><br>\u738b\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u6211<strong>\u5c31<\/strong>\u662f\u3002 (w\u00e1n\u0261\uff1aw\u01d2 <strong>ji\u00f9<\/strong> sh\u00ec\u3002)<br>w\u00e1n\u0261 \uff1aThat&#8217;s me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Or,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"custom_example_style\">\u4e66\u5e97\u5c31\u5728\u8f6c\u89d2\u5904\u3002(Sh\u016bdi\u00e0n ji\u00f9 z\u00e0i zhu\u01cen ji\u01ceo ch\u00f9\u3002)<br>The book store is just around the corner.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conjunction\">CONJUNCTION<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c31 (ji\u00f9) can be used as a conjunction to mean \u201ceven if.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4f60\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u3002(n\u01d0 ji\u00f9 b\u00f9shu\u014d, w\u01d2 y\u011b hu\u00ec zh\u012bd\u00e0o\u3002)- Even if you won&#8217;t tell me, I will know anyway.<\/li><li>\u4f60\u5c31\u9001\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u3002(n\u01d0 ji\u00f9 s\u00f2ng l\u00e1i\uff0cw\u01d2 y\u011b b\u00fa y\u00e0o\u3002) &#8211; Even if you bring it to me, I will not accept it.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"preposition\">PREPOSITION<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><strong>When used as a preposition, ji\u00f9 means \u201cwith regard to, concerning, on, in respect of, or in light of.\u201d <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5c31\u76ee\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\u6765 (ji\u00f9 m\u00f9qi\u00e1n q\u00edngku\u00e0ng k\u00e0n l\u00e1i) &#8211; In light of the present situation<\/li><li>\u5c31\u6211\u6240\u77e5 (ji\u00f9w\u01d2su\u01d2zh\u012b) &#8211; so far as I know<\/li><li>\u5c31\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u597d\u4e66 (ji\u00f9 n\u00e8ir\u00f3ng l\u00e1i shu\u014d,zh\u00e8sh\u00ec y\u00ecb\u011bn h\u01ceo sh\u016b) &#8211; This is a good book, so far as its content is concerned<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>As you now have seen, the particle \u5c31(ji\u00f9) has variety of meanings and ways it can be used. Because of this flexibility, it is part of many expressions and idioms in Chinese, some of which you saw above!. To mention a few more:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5c31\u8981(ji\u00f9 y\u00e0o) &#8211; will\uff0cshall\uff0cbe going to\uff1b<\/li><li>\u6210\u5c31(ch\u00e9ng ji\u00f9) &#8211; Accomplishment\uff1b<\/li><li>\u5c31\u7b97 (ji\u00f9 su\u00e0n) &#8211; even if\uff1b<\/li><li>\u5c31\u8bca (ji\u00f9 zh\u011bn) &#8211; To see a doctor for medical advice<\/li><li>\u5c31\u4e1a ( ji\u00f9 y\u00e8) &#8211; Looking for employment\uff0cgetting a job<\/li><li>\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u5c31 (y\u00ed c\u00f9 \u00e9r ji\u00f9 ) &#8211; To get there in one step\uff0csuccess at a stroke;<\/li><li>\u534a\u63a8\u534a\u5c31(b\u00e0n tu\u012b b\u00e0n ji\u00f9) &#8211; Half willing and half unwilling<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s important that you work to master this character!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Mandarin particle \u5c31(ji\u00f9) is a very common word in Chinese with a ton of different uses. Depending on the context, it can be a verb, adverb, preposition, or even other parts of speech, and is one of the central word particles in Chinese. It\u2019s extremely important that we master it! In this article, we&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":6034,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,176],"tags":[93,89,84],"post_series":[],"class_list":["post-6031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learn-mandarin-online","category-usage","tag-how-to-use","tag-tips-and-suggestions","tag-vocabulary","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>All about The Word \u5c31(ji\u00f9)<\/title>\n
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This strong feeling towards China only gets stronger and she uses every opportunity to base and deepen her knowledge and mastery in the Chinese language, history, culture and life. the Chinese language is her main hobby and occupation and recently she decided to share her knowledge in insights with other students and wrote some textbook for students.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/author\/ornataub\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"All about The Word \u5c31(ji\u00f9)","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/all-about-the-word-jiu.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"All about The Word \u5c31(ji\u00f9)","og_description":"The Mandarin particle \u5c31(ji\u00f9) is a very common word in Chinese with a ton of different uses. Depending on the context, it can be a verb, adverb, preposition, or even other parts of speech, and is one of the central word particles in Chinese. It\u2019s extremely important that we master it! 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