{"id":8463,"date":"2017-04-03T03:15:49","date_gmt":"2017-04-03T03:15:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/?p=8463"},"modified":"2023-08-27T10:38:13","modified_gmt":"2023-08-27T10:38:13","slug":"ongoing-state-continuity-action-chinese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.digmandarin.com\/ongoing-state-continuity-action-chinese.html","title":{"rendered":"Mastering Chinese Verb Continuity: How to Use \u5728, \u6b63, \u6b63\u5728, and \u7740"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

When learning a new language, one of the fundamental aspects to grasp is how tense and continuity are expressed. One of the intriguing distinctions between Chinese and English lies in how they handle the ongoing continuity of actions and states. While English alters verb forms to indicate the ongoing nature of an action, Chinese opts for a different strategy, relying on specific words to convey this concept. In this article, we’ll delve into this fascinating aspect of the Chinese language: the utilization of words like \u5728 (z\u00e0i), \u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng), \u6b63\u5728 (zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i), and \u7740 (zhe).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Join us as we uncover the meanings, applications, and nuances behind these essential words in Chinese. By the end of this article, you’ll have a solid foundation for confidently using these terms to convey the ongoing nature of actions and states in the Chinese language.<\/p>\n\n\n

1. Differences Between \u5728, \u6b63 and \u6b63\u5728<\/h2>\n\n\n

Form 1: \u00a0Subject+\u5728\/\u6b63\u5728+Verb\/Adjective+\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728(z\u00e0i) stresses the continuous condition of an action. \u6b63\u5728(zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i) is used when we want to show that the action is both current and still in progress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5728\/\u6b63\u5728\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002(W\u01d2 z\u00e0i\/zh\u00e8n\u0261z\u00e0i k\u00e0n di\u00e0nsh\u00ec.
I am watching TV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6574\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5348\u5979\u90fd\u5728\u54ed\u3002(Zh\u011bn\u0261\u0261\u00e8 sh\u00e0n\u0261w\u01d4 t\u0101 d\u014du z\u00e0i k\u016b.)
She was crying all morning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Form 2\uff1aSubject + \u6b63 + Verb\/Adjective + \u7740\u2026\u2026\/\u5462\/\u7740\u5462<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63(zh\u00e8ng) shows the timing of an action. This one is not usually used with short verbs. It is most often used with longer verbs or adjectives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6b63\u5fd9\u7740\uff0c\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u4f60\u3002 (T\u0101 zh\u00e8n\u0261 m\u00e1n\u0261zhe, m\u00e9i k\u00e0nd\u00e0o n\u01d0.)
He is busy, so he can\u2019t see you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u4eac\u5267) \u6211\u6b63\u770b\u7740\u5462\u3002((J\u012bn\u0261j\u00f9) w\u01d2 zh\u00e8n\u0261 k\u00e0nzhe ne.)
(Peking Opera) I was watching it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Note that we can make \u5728(z\u00e0i) stronger with words like \u53c8(y\u00f2u), \u4e00\u76f4(y\u00eczh\u00ed), \u603b(z\u01d2n\u0261), and \u8fd8(h\u00e1i). But \u6b63\u5728(zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i) can’t be used this way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u60f3\u51fa\u56fd\u7684\u4e8b\u3002(Zh\u00e8xi\u0113ti\u0101n t\u0101 y\u00eczh\u00ed z\u00e0i xi\u01cen\u0261 ch\u016b\u0261u\u00f3de sh\u00ec.)
He has been thinking about going abroad these days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f60\u53c8\u5728\u559d\u9152\u4e86\u3002(N\u01d0 y\u00f2u z\u00e0i h\u0113ji\u01d4 le.)
You\u2019re drinking again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u603b\u5728\u8bf4\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u3002(T\u0101 z\u01d2n\u0261 z\u00e0i shu\u014d \u0261u\u00f2q\u00f9de j\u012bn\u0261l\u00ec.)
He’s always talking about the past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5468\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u5728\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u3002(Gu\u00f2q\u00f9 y\u00eczh\u014du, t\u0101 d\u014du z\u00e0i xi\u011b l\u00f9nw\u00e9n.)
He has been writing papers for the past week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When it comes to the word \u6b63(zh\u00e8ng), there’s something interesting to note. It usually doesn’t go with just one simple verb, especially if it’s a monosyllabic one. Instead, it’s commonly used in this pattern: Subject + \u6b63 + Verb\/Adjective + \u7740\u2026\u2026\/\u5462\/\u7740\u5462<\/strong>. On the other hand, \u5728(z\u00e0i) and \u6b63\u5728(zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i) don’t have this kind of rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u5403\u665a\u996d\u3002(W\u01d2 zh\u00e8n\u0261z\u00e0i\u00a0 ch\u012b w\u01cenf\u00e0n.)
\u00a0I’m having dinner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5728\u770b\u3002(W\u01d2 z\u00e0i k\u00e0n.)
I\u2019m watching.<\/p>\n\n\n

2. How to use \u7740 to express ongoing states and actions<\/h2>\n\n\n

When you want to show that an action or a state is ongoing, you use the word \u7740 (zhe). It’s like a helper that indicates when something is happening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Form 3\uff1aSubject + Verb\/Adjective +\u7740\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51b0\u7bb1\u5f00\u7740\u3002(B\u012bn\u0261xi\u0101n\u0261 k\u0101i zhe.)
The refrigerator is open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f60\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u542c\u7740\u3002(N\u01d0 shu\u014d\uff0cw\u01d2 t\u012bn\u0261 zhe.)
You speak, and I listen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5979\u4e00\u8def\u5531\u7740\u4e0d\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u6b4c\u3002(T\u0101 y\u00edl\u00f9 ch\u00e0n\u0261zhe b\u00f9 zh\u012bm\u00edn\u0261 de \u0261\u0113.)
She sang an unknown song all the way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you want to highlight that something is happening right now, you can use \u7740(zhe) along with \u6b63(zh\u00e8ng) or \u5728(z\u00e0i), or you can add \u5462(ne) at the end of the sentence. This helps draw attention to the ongoing state of things. Here’s how it works:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Form 4: Subject + (\u6b63, \u5728) + Verb\/Adjective +\u7740 + (\u2026\u2026\/\u5462)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usually, when you’re talking about the continuity of a state, it’s the state of an object. But if it’s not, then the verb or adjective is usually something like \u5750 (zu\u00f2, sit), \u7ad9 (zh\u00e0n, stand), \u7b49 (d\u011bng, wait), and so on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u706f\u5f00\u7740\u5462\u3002(D\u0113n\u0261 k\u0101i zhe ne.)
The light is open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7a97\u6237\u6b63\u5f00\u7740\uff0c\u96e8\u98d8\u4e86\u8fdb\u6765\u3002(Chu\u0101n\u0261hu zh\u00e8n\u0261 k\u0101izhe\uff0cy\u01d4 pi\u0101ole j\u00ecnl\u00e1i.)
The windows were open and the rain drifted in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u4f60)\u522b\u5750\u7740\u4e86\uff0c\u8d77\u6765\u8d70\u8d70\u3002((N\u01d0)bi\u00e9 zu\u00f2zhe le\uff0cq\u01d0l\u00e1i z\u01d2uzou.)
(You) Don\u2019t stay seated, get up and walk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When you want to tell others that an action is still happening, you can use \u7740(zhe). Here’s the trick: the subject doing the action can be a living thing, like a person or an animal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5154\u5b50\u6b63\u9ad8\u5174\u5730\u5403\u7740\u80e1\u841d\u535c\u3002(T\u00f9zi zh\u00e8n\u0261 \u0261\u0101ox\u00ecn\u0261di ch\u012bzhe h\u00falu\u00f3bo.)
The rabbit is happily eating carrots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u542c\u7740\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3002(W\u01d2 t\u012bn\u0261zhe y\u012bnyu\u00e8\uff0cb\u00f9 shu\u014dhu\u00e0.)
I am listening to music, not speaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Note<\/u>\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here are situations where we can\u2019t use \u7740(zhe):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1)\u2014\u4f60\u5728\u5e72\/\u60f3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f(N\u01d0 z\u00e0i \u0261\u0101n\/xi\u01cen\u0261 sh\u00e9nme\uff1f)
What are you doing\/thinking about?

\u2014\u6211\u5728\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002(W\u01d2 z\u00e0i k\u00e0n di\u00e0nsh\u00ec.)
I\u2019m watching TV.

\u2014\u6211\u5728\u60f3\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002(W\u01d2 z\u00e0i xi\u01cen\u0261 j\u012bnti\u0101nde\u00a0 zu\u00f2y\u00e8.)
I\u2019m thinking about today\u2019s homework.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2)\u2014\u4f60\u5728\u7b49\u8c01\uff1f(N\u01d0 z\u00e0i d\u011bn\u0261 shu\u00ed\uff1f)
Who are you waiting for?

\u2014\u6211\u5728\u7b49\u674e\u534e\u3002(W\u01d2 z\u00e0i d\u011bn\u0261 L\u01d0hu\u00e1.)
I\u2019m waiting for Lihua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We’ve learned that \u5728(z\u00e0i), \u6b63(zh\u00e8ng), and \u6b63\u5728(zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i) are handy signals to show that an action is still happening. On the other hand, \u7740(zhe) comes after verbs and adjectives to let us know an action or state is continuously going on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It’s important to note that \u7740(zhe) is mainly used to describe things. In the examples above, the speaker emphasizes the ongoing action itself, rather than when or how it ends. That’s why \u7740(zhe) doesn’t fit there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For a better understanding, see the chart below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Chinese stands out with its unique approach to expressing the ongoing continuity of actions and states. While other languages often rely on verb conjugations to convey tense, Chinese employs a set of distinct words \u2013 \u5728 (z\u00e0i), \u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng), \u6b63\u5728 (zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i), and \u7740 (zhe) \u2013 to paint a vivid picture of actions and states in progress. The distinctions between \u5728(z\u00e0i), \u6b63(zh\u00e8ng), and \u6b63\u5728(zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i) highlight the interplay of action conditions and time frames, while \u7740(zhe) adds depth to the portrayal of ongoing actions and states. Remember, these four words are like tools in your language toolbox. They help you paint a clear picture of what’s happening around you! Understanding when and how to use these words not only contributes to accurate communication but also offers a glimpse into the linguistic subtleties embedded within the language. We hope this article has shed light on this surprisingly complex aspect of the Chinese language, guiding you toward a confident mastery of expressing verb continuity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When learning a new language, one of the fundamental aspects to grasp is how tense and continuity are expressed. One of the intriguing distinctions between Chinese and English lies in how they handle the ongoing continuity of actions and states. While English alters verb forms to indicate the ongoing nature of an action, Chinese opts…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":111,"featured_media":8467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,176],"tags":[77,7,93,78,80,89],"post_series":[],"class_list":["post-8463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learn-mandarin-online","category-usage","tag-beginner","tag-grammar","tag-how-to-use","tag-intermediate","tag-self-study","tag-tips-and-suggestions","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"\nMastering Chinese Verb Continuity: How to Use \u5728, \u6b63, \u6b63\u5728, and \u7740<\/title>\n <meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=index-115.html \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mastering Chinese Verb Continuity: How to Use \u5728, \u6b63, \u6b63\u5728, and \u7740\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When learning a new language, one of the fundamental aspects to grasp is how tense and continuity are expressed. 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